demand
At present, Li ion battery is mainly used in the field of 3C electronics, such as mobile phones and tablet computers. It has the highest energy density in commercialized batteries, but it still can't meet people's needs. Why? It comes down to a word that a limited space does not plug in a larger electric core. People have strict requirements for the volume and weight of 3C products, so the space that can be provided to the battery is limited.
performance
Although we all recognized lithium ion batteries have monopolized the trend, but in at least two ways he is weak in the lead-acid battery, and these two points in the automobile starting power is more mouths fatal: low temperature performance and high current performance.
First, low temperature performance, the discharge performance of lead-acid battery at low temperature is still very good, at a temperature of -10 DEG C to 10C discharge when the voltage above 10V retention time to more than 90s, the vast majority of Chinese area enough to cope with the harsh environment; and the low temperature performance of lithium ion battery to many especially, the highest voice of LiFePO4 (lithium iron phosphate) materials, the low temperature discharge performance will decay rapidly, it is difficult to achieve practical application in the northeast and northwest regions, or from the practical application and a long way to go.
Safety
The starting power is mostly fixed on the engine compartment and has high airtightness, so the safety is very important for the car. The heat and potential danger caused by the release of hundreds of electric currents is self-evident.
The safety of lead-acid batteries in the battery system belongs to a very high current in the first grade, high current performance means that the battery is not easy to happen; secondly, even accidents, positive and negative electrode materials are lead compounds, and electrolyte or sulfuric acid solution, the three are not flammable, only lead parts around the combustion.
The negative material of lithium ion battery is a kind of graphite, carbon material, and flammability needs not to be said much. Electrolytes are ester solvents and lithium salts. Ester solvents are not only flammable but also highly volatile. Once a lot of heat releases or burns when cars collide, the accidents will be pushed up to a higher level, and the consequences will be unthinkable. At the same time, there is an important factor that can not be ignored, the lithium ion battery in a large current discharge easily in the anode of lithium dendrite formation, resulting in internal short circuit of the battery and pierce the diaphragm explosion, this is a consensus in the field of lithium ion battery.
In fact, there are many other problems, such as a battery in a highly charged state (SOC) to bring the electrode material stability is also a major problem, most of the research is not many, the mechanism is not clear, and so on, the safety problems of lithium ion battery is too much, here is not to explain the.
cost
In terms of cost, the cost of lead-acid batteries is undoubtedly the lowest, and the electrode materials, electrolyte and assembly environment requirements are much lower than those of Li ion batteries.
Electrode materials, electrode materials for lithium ion batteries are required to process complex preparation, and after a heat treatment process (graphitization temperature greater than 2000 degrees, most cathode materials need seven or eight Baidu), mostly in the cost of 15-20w/ tons, graphite may lower lead sulfate; lead oxide and lead acid battery the relatively low cost of many.
If the lithium ion battery electrolyte using multiple solvents of higher prices, and there are strict requirements for water, mostly within dozens of PPM, six fluorine lithium phosphate electrolyte salt is not only expensive but also easy to cause danger, decomposition, decomposition products is one of the terrorist HF, Baidu can know its harm! And the lead-acid battery is a sulphuric acid solution, and it doesn't need to be said much.
Environmental Science
In the present society calls for most said lead-acid battery lithium ion battery for environmental pollution, environmental friendly, in fact, this is a big misunderstanding, because the South small lead-acid battery factory before too many do not pay attention to environmental protection and wantonly emissions, and the scale and the country wants to cut the lead-acid battery, vigorously develop new energy sources, so the media the argument also has strong pertinence, is not the case.
At present, the best part of lead-acid batteries compared with lithium ion batteries is the recovery mechanism. Now lead-acid batteries are mainly used in the field of electric bicycles and starting power. These two areas have strong pertinence, that is, when users change batteries, they go back to special shops to replace them. Why? Can the old battery folded into money! The waste battery will again lead recycling factory specialized two processing to prepare electrode materials.
Have you ever seen any special mechanism recycling for lithium ion batteries to make electrode materials? The reasons are as follows: first, the application field of the lithium ion battery is too wide, which determines his recovery difficulty; second, lithium ion batteries are mostly small, ordinary people such as mobile phone or MP3 without the most direct throw or sold, these batteries last basically lie in the trash.
Although there is less heavy metal lithium ion battery cathode material, only containing cobalt metal, but could not carry such a large volume users around the world, the long term, this is still a problem, so in the lead-acid battery as long as the attention of relevant environmental protection measures in the manufacturing process is no problem, because in use are sealed maintenance, eventually there will be corresponding recovery mechanism.
summary
In fact, the lead-acid battery is absolutely an evergreen chemical power sector, has been born for more than 100 years, although in recent years has been said to use lithium ion battery to replace, but I think in some areas temporarily can not replace, at least 350 years is not possible.
We want to see the problem with the perspective of development, has been in progress of lead-acid battery, the automobile starting power sector is still invincible, lithium ion batteries have a long way to go, still young, hope can have more high-end battery and replace!
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